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In the 3 years since the ousting of Tunisia's dictator Zine El Abedine Ben Ali in January 2011, net emigration from Tunisia has doubled, suggesting a link between revolutionary politics and aspirations to emigrate. A large proport...
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In the 3 years since the ousting of Tunisia's dictator Zine El Abedine Ben Ali in January 2011, net emigration from Tunisia has doubled, suggesting a link between revolutionary politics and aspirations to emigrate. A large proportion of this emigration has taken the form of a clandestine crossing to Europe, locally called El Harka. This paper explores the complex interactions between the migration-development nexus' and revolutionary national politics in the aspirations of Tunisian young men to emigrate in the post-Revolution period. I use the sociologist Albert O. Hirschman's concept of Exit-Voice-Loyalty' to come to an understanding of the geographical imaginaries and spatial practices expressed by individual Tunisian men in relation to migration. I present my findings within a typology of surplus', circulation', and engagement' to describe the ways in which the inherent politics of migration are expressed. Surplus' emerged as a powerful discourse in post-Revolution Tunis, leading to politically significant notions of migrant identity. Circulation' denotes the developmental ideal held in tension with concerns over legality. I argue that the primacy of illegal emigration from Tunisia indicates the dominance of exploitative migration policies. Finally, political engagement' in the post-Revolution period is theorised to correlate to disinterest in emigration. The institution of freedom of expression is argued to increase loyalty', through privileging voice' over exit' as a course of action for the discontent. Copyright (c) 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Since the early 2000s, increasing attention has been given to the migration-development nexus. Numerous studies, policy analyses and recommendations on how to make migration work for development in practical ways have been produce...
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Since the early 2000s, increasing attention has been given to the migration-development nexus. Numerous studies, policy analyses and recommendations on how to make migration work for development in practical ways have been produced, resulting in (among other initiatives) attempts to include migration concerns in the post-2015 development agenda and efforts to promote policy coherence for development. After an initial 'euphoria', most involved parties today agree that there is no simple one-way relationship between migration and development. Development is unlikely to decrease migration in the short run, and migration in itself cannot be the main recipe for development. Critical voices, moreover, argue that much migration-development policy in reality has served migration management functions rather than development goals. This article reflects on these contradictions in the light of Danish policy debate and practice. It brings considerations on the migration-development nexus in dialogue with reflections on policy coherence and forwards the following two arguments: First, that although policy coherence in the migration-development field perhaps always was unrealistic, a certain degree of policy incoherence might - at least for a while - have safeguarded development budgets from being used for migration-management purposes. Second, that reluctance to incorporate migration concerns in 'classic' development activities represents a missed opportunity. This calls for a critical analysis of Danish and European pledges to adopt a comprehensive and coherent approach to the field of development and migration policies.
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This paper argues that possible effects of international migration on the environment have to be analysed with respect to both the three dimensions of sustainability and the migration stakeholders. It has recently been put forward...
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This paper argues that possible effects of international migration on the environment have to be analysed with respect to both the three dimensions of sustainability and the migration stakeholders. It has recently been put forward that immigration has to be reduced for environmental reasons. In contrast, this paper embarks from the view that reducing immigration is costly, ineffective and ethically troublesome. It argues that there are strong interrelations between development and migration, suggesting that one has to consider development problems when discussing migration. In this context, the enormous amount of remittances of migrant workers could yield considerable potential for promoting sustainable development. Sustainable governance is needed to manage this potential wisely. In doing so, it is essential to consider the migration stakeholders (sending and receiving countries and the migrants themselves) and balance the three dimensions of sustainability.
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The linkage of development cooperation with migration policies has been promoted widely by international organizations from 2000 onwards. This paper analyses the factors that have prompted and impeded a reorientation of the domina...
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The linkage of development cooperation with migration policies has been promoted widely by international organizations from 2000 onwards. This paper analyses the factors that have prompted and impeded a reorientation of the dominant migration policy-frame within the EU towards the realization of a migration-development nexus. It is argued that external events such as the international debate on the migration-development nexus and the external shocks provoked by the events in Ceuta and Melilla prompted the EU to rethink its traditionally rather narrow approach, focusing on the repression of migration flows. However, the persistence of the established policy-frame and the existing institutional setting limit the scope for balanced policy coordination, introducing development mainly as an instrument of migration policy rather than the other way round. Challenging the literature that argues that there is a necessary trade-off between a development and a security-orientated migration policy, it is shown that this dichotomous juxtaposition hides the many ways in which different orientations can be combined, depending on the institutional context within which they are framed.
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Recently, various Latin American governments have sought to render migrants as development agents by channelling remittances to specific sectors such as housing and finance. The available literature has yet to articulate how these...
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Recently, various Latin American governments have sought to render migrants as development agents by channelling remittances to specific sectors such as housing and finance. The available literature has yet to articulate how these developments are reconfiguring the political economy of housing in the region. The paper draws on empirical data collected at both ends of the Colombia-UK migration network. It argues that the Colombian Government's efforts to incorporate migrants into the polity through a renovated housing policy aim to institutionalize migrant households' transnational practices and their links with global circuits of capital and finance. They are underpinned by the repositioning of housing away from consumption into an investment item and driver of economic growth and the financial sector as the main medium for households' access to public and private housing, and other basic services. These developments have taken place in the context of a broader process of financialization of the global development agenda in the last three decades.
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The contributions to this Special Issue focus on marginalised and neglected social issues associated with the migration-development nexus. It reports research on specific groups of migrants who have so far been left out of the cur...
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The contributions to this Special Issue focus on marginalised and neglected social issues associated with the migration-development nexus. It reports research on specific groups of migrants who have so far been left out of the current debate on the relationship between migration and development. This debate has tended to be dominated by structural and economic concerns. The ultimate aim of the special issue is therefore to unsettle the terms of the discussion by placing migrants and their experiences as knowledge producers (along with a range of other actors) at the centre of the debate. The complex interconnections between migration and development in the so-called 'North' and 'South' demand that a notion of development be adopted that goes beyond the dichotomy of 'developed' versus 'less developed' countries, and that leads to an understanding of development processes that occur simultaneously in different places interconnected by migration. This requires the rethinking of the parameters and paradigms that dominate the revived debate on the relationship between international migration and development. A new vocabulary for describing and analysing these complex interlinkages is required, and the notion of 'global chains' is suggested here as a starting
point.
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Research on skilled international migration has developed significantly in the last 25 years. This paper reviews progress in understanding the structuring power of transnational companies and international recruitment agencies in ...
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Research on skilled international migration has developed significantly in the last 25 years. This paper reviews progress in understanding the structuring power of transnational companies and international recruitment agencies in shaping global talent flows. It argues that four main strands in the research literature flow from this: work in international human resource management; analysis of the migration-development nexus; studies of city development associated with creative knowledge workers; and cultural geographies of expatriate identities. This paper interprets trends in research on these topics in relation to the wider issue of how some social scientists have become more reflexive about their engagement with research and thus have re-positioned the nature of what is considered to be the contemporary research agenda on skilled migration. This re-positioning is recognised to have strengths but also difficulties from a policy perspective.
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China's massive internal migration is no longer simply rural-urban and circular, but increasingly diversified. Hence, we overview current research into the emerging transition in China's internal migration, present a critique of s...
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China's massive internal migration is no longer simply rural-urban and circular, but increasingly diversified. Hence, we overview current research into the emerging transition in China's internal migration, present a critique of salient existing studies, and outline how a China variant of Zelinsky's mobility transition theory might, with new sophistication and analytical power, account for the distinctive Chinese features of that momentous transition: its spatio-temporal patterns, and its causes and effects. The proposed thesis will show how parallels and distinctive differences that mark China's internal circular migration have evolved over the last decade. We argue that factors adapted to Chinese circumstances should incorporate appropriate perspectives on demographic transition, social space, trans-locality and multi-locality in migration, socio-spatial inequality, and new-style urbanisation. We highlight also the need for more sophisticated methods, and propose the use of 2020 China Census and longitudinal and time-series survey datasets to analyse the scale, processes, causal mechanisms, and outcomes of the transition.
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